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一个用户可能有多个文章,一个文章是某个用户书写的,这就是关系。同样文章中可能包含多个 TAG,而一个 TAG 可能关联多个文章。
在项目中,我们已经有了 User.php,也就是用户模型,查看一下,相当简单。我们希望直接使用 $user->articles() 的形式获取全部文章,让我们修改 user 模型:
public function articles() {return $this->hasMany("AppArticle");}
但是我们仅仅完成了关系中的一端,让我们来处理另一端。我们希望的形式是 $article->user() ,让我们修改 article 模型。
public function user() {return $this->belongsTo("AppUser");}
在我们的数据库中,文章模型没有用户的外键,我们需要设置,修改 create_article_table.php
 Schema::create("articles", function(Blueprint $table) {$table->increments("id");//指定外键列$table->integer("user_id")->unsigned();$table->string("title");$table->text("body");$table->timestamp("published_at");$table->timestamps();//生成外键$table->foreign("user_id")->references("id")->on("users")->onDelete("cascade"); });
因为我们只是在开发阶段,还没有上线运行,我们可以直接修改数据库迁移文件,回滚然后迁移即可,但是如果上线运行的话,应该新建一个迁移。
php artisan migrate:refresh#输出信息Rolled back: 2015_03_28_050138_create_article_tableRolled back: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_tableRolled back: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_tableNothing to rollback.Migrated: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_tableMigrated: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_tableMigrated: 2015_03_28_050138_create_article_tableMigrated: 2015_03_28_051200_add_excerpt_to_articels_table
现在让我们使用 tinker 来创建一个用户。
php artisan tinkerPsy Shell v0.4.1 (PHP 5.4.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman#下面是执行过程>>> $user = new AppUser;=> <AppUser #000000007f1ad61a000000006497cc4f> {}>>> $user->name = "zhang jinglin";=> "zhang jinglin">>> $user->email = "zjl@example.com";=> "zjl@example.com">>> $user->password = bcrypt("pass");=> "$2y$10$Nbl2b9wqd.rXqKEsd3pRSOoIyFAFIhbqf71BufwDfS3Guv21SlEx2">>> $user->save();=> true>>> AppUser::first()->toArray();=> ["id" => "1","name"=> "zhang jinglin","email" => "zjl@example.com","created_at" => "2015-03-31 03:24:55","updated_at" => "2015-03-31 03:24:55"]>>> 
现在我们需要新发布的文章和用户关联,我们暂时先修改 form_partial.blade.php 来隐藏一个用户id,只是暂时:
复制代码 代码如下:
{{--临时处理--}}
{!! Form::hidden("user_id", 1) !!}

同时要修改模型的 $fillabel 属性,以便我们的 Mass Assisment。
 protected $fillable = ["title","body","published_at","user_id" //临时设置];
OK,添加一个文章。我们使用 tinker 来查看一下。
php artisan tinkerPsy Shell v0.4.1 (PHP 5.4.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman>>> AppArticle::first()->toArray();=> ["id"=> "1","user_id" => "1","title"=> "User 1 Article","body" => "User 1 Body","published_at" => "2015-03-31 08:00:00","created_at"=> "2015-03-31 04:17:58","updated_at"=> "2015-03-31 04:17:58","excerpt" => null]#获取用户>>> $user = AppUser::first();=> <AppUser #0000000051cbb9d70000000073e11a3e> {id: "1",name: "zhang jinglin",email: "zjl@example.com",created_at: "2015-03-31 03:24:55",updated_at: "2015-03-31 03:24:55"}#获取用户文章>>> $user->articles()->toArray();BadMethodCallException with message "Call to undefined method IlluminateDatabaseQueryBuilder::toArray()">>> $user->articles->toArray();=> [["id"=> "1","user_id" => "1","title"=> "User 1 Article","body" => "User 1 Body","published_at" => "2015-03-31 08:00:00","created_at"=> "2015-03-31 04:17:58","updated_at"=> "2015-03-31 04:17:58","excerpt" => null]]#为什么使用 $user->articles 而不是 #user->articles()?#事实上,$user->articles()返回的是关系,如果你想用 articles() 你需要这样用>>> $user->articles()->get()->toArray();=> [["id"=> "1","user_id" => "1","title"=> "User 1 Article","body" => "User 1 Body","published_at" => "2015-03-31 08:00:00","created_at"=> "2015-03-31 04:17:58","updated_at"=> "2015-03-31 04:17:58","excerpt" => null]]#你只能使用 articles() 来进行下一步的工作,比如下面的查询$user->articles()->where("title", "User 1 Article")->get();#我们也可以通过 article 获取 user>>> $article = AppArticle::first();=> <AppArticle #0000000051cbb9d60000000073e11a3e> {id: "1",user_id: "1",title: "User 1 Article",body: "User 1 Body",published_at: "2015-03-31 08:00:00",created_at: "2015-03-31 04:17:58",updated_at: "2015-03-31 04:17:58",excerpt: null}>>> $article->user;=> <AppUser #0000000051cbb92d0000000073e11a3e> {id: "1",name: "zhang jinglin",email: "zjl@example.com",created_at: "2015-03-31 03:24:55",updated_at: "2015-03-31 03:24:55"}>>> 
以上所述就是本文的全部内容了,希望大家能够喜欢。