可以在对象类中定义一个__clone()方法来调整对象的克隆行为。此方法的代码将在克隆操作期间执行。除了将所有现有对象成员复制到目标对象之外,还会执行__clone()方法指定的操作。下面修改Corporate_Drone类,增加以下方法:
function __clone() {$this->tiecolor = "blue";}之后,创建一个新的Corporate_Drone对象,增加employeeid成员的值,克隆这个对象,然后输出一些数据,从而显示克隆对象的tiecolor确实是通过__clone()方法设置的。示例代码:
<?php // Create new corporatedrone object$drone1 = new corporatedrone();// Set the $drone1 employeeid member$drone1->setEmployeeID("12345");// Clone the $drone1 object$drone2 = clone $drone1;// Set the $drone2 employeeid member$drone2->setEmployeeID("67890");// Output the $drone1 and $drone2 employeeid membersecho "drone1 employeeID: ".$drone1->getEmployeeID()."<br />";echo "drone2 employeeID: ".$drone2->getEmployeeID()."<br />";echo "drone2 tiecolor: ".$drone2->getTiecolor()."<br />";?>
程序运行结果
drone1 employeeID: 12345drone2 employeeID: 67890drone2 tiecolor:
再来一个小例子:
<?phpclass Fruit { private $name = "水果"; private $color = "颜色";public function setName($name){ $this->name = $name; }public function setColor($color){ $this->color = $color; }function showColor(){ return $this->color."的".$this->name."<br />"; }function __destruct(){ echo "被吃掉了(对象被回收) <br />";}}$apple = new Fruit();$apple->setName("大苹果");$apple->setColor("红色");echo $apple->showColor();$clone_apple = $apple;$clone_apple->setName("小苹果");$clone_apple->setColor("青色");echo $clone_apple->showColor();?>上面只是将一个类赋值给另一个类,所以此时内存中仍是一个对象。
<?phpclass Fruit { private $name = "水果"; private $color = "颜色";public function setName($name){ $this->name = $name; }public function setColor($color){ $this->color = $color; }function showColor(){ return $this->color."的".$this->name."<br />"; }function __destruct(){ echo "被吃掉了(对象被回收) <br />";} function __clone(){ $this->name = "克隆水果";}}$apple = new Fruit();$apple->setName("大苹果");$apple->setColor("红色");echo $apple->showColor();$clone_apple = clone $apple;$clone_apple->setColor("青色");echo $clone_apple->showColor();?>clone方法克隆出了一个新的类,所以此时内存中有两个对象。
php的__clone()方法对一个对象实例进行的浅复制,对象内的基本数值类型进行的是传值复制,而对象内的对象型成员变量,如果不重写__clone方法,显式的clone这个对象成员变量的话,这个成员变量就是传引用复制,而不是生成一个新的对象.如下面一个例子的第28行注释所说
<?phpclass Account {public $balance;public function __construct($balance) {$this->balance = $balance;}} class Person {private $id;private $name;private $age;public $account;public function __construct($name, $age, Account $account) {$this->name = $name;$this->age = $age;$this->account = $account;}public function setId($id) {$this->id = $id;}public function __clone() {#复制方法,可在里面定义再clone是进行的操作$this->id = 0;$this->account = clone $this->account;#不加这一句,account在clone是会只被复制引用,其中一个account的balance被修改另一个也同样会被修改}}$person = new Person("peter", 15, new Account(1000));$person->setId(1);$person2 = clone $person;$person2->account->balance = 250;var_dump($person, $person2); ?>输出:
复制代码 代码如下:
object(Person)#1 (4) { ["id":"Person":private]=> int(1) ["name":"Person":private]=> string(5) "peter" ["age":"Person":private]=> int(15) ["account"]=> object(Account)#2 (1) { ["balance"]=> int(1000) } } object(Person)#3 (4) { ["id":"Person":private]=> int(0) ["name":"Person":private]=> string(5) "peter" ["age":"Person":private]=> int(15) ["account"]=> object(Account)#4 (1) { ["balance"]=> int(250) } }