Welcome 微信登录

首页 / 移动开发 / Android / Android基于Http协议实现文件上传功能的方法

本文实例讲述了Android基于Http协议实现文件上传功能的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
注意一般使用Http协议上传的文件都比较小,一般是小于2M
这里示例是上传一个小的MP3文件
1.主Activity:MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends Activity{private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";private EditText timelengthText;private EditText titleText;private EditText videoText;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.main);//提交上传按钮Button button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button);timelengthText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.timelength);videoText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.video);titleText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.title);button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){@Overridepublic void onClick(View v){String title = titleText.getText().toString();String timelength = timelengthText.getText().toString();Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();params.put("method", "save");params.put("title", title);params.put("timelength", timelength);try{//得到SDCard的目录File uploadFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), videoText.getText().toString());//上传音频文件FormFile formfile = new FormFile("02.mp3", uploadFile, "video", "audio/mpeg");SocketHttpRequester.post("http://192.168.1.100:8080/videoweb/video/manage.do", params, formfile);Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.success, 1).show();}catch (Exception e){Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.error, 1).show();Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}}});}}
2.上传工具类,注意里面构造协议字符串需要根据不同的提交表单来处理
public class SocketHttpRequester{/** * 发送xml数据 * @param path 请求地址 * @param xml xml数据 * @param encoding 编码 * @return * @throws Exception */public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding);URL url = new URL(path);HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();conn.setRequestMethod("POST");conn.setDoOutput(true);conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding);conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();outStream.write(data);outStream.flush();outStream.close();if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){return readStream(conn.getInputStream());}return null;}/** * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能: *<FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data"><INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name"><INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id"><input type="file" name="imagefile"/><input type="file" name="zip"/> </FORM> * @param path 上传路径(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试, * 因为它会指向手机模拟器,你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param file 上传文件 */public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{//数据分隔线final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612";//数据结束标志"---------------------------7da2137580612--"final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--/r/n";//下面两个for循环都是为了得到数据长度参数,依据表单的类型而定//首先得到文件类型数据的总长度(包括文件分割线)int fileDataLength = 0;for(FormFile uploadFile : files){StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();fileExplain.append("--");fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);fileExplain.append("/r/n");fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "/"/r/n");fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"/r/n/r/n");fileExplain.append("/r/n");fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();}else{fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;}}//再构造文本类型参数的实体数据StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){textEntity.append("--");textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);textEntity.append("/r/n");textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=/""+ entry.getKey() + "/"/r/n/r/n");textEntity.append(entry.getValue());textEntity.append("/r/n");}//计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度(文本总长度+数据总长度+分隔符)int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length;URL url = new URL(path);//默认端口号其实可以不写int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();//建立一个Socket链接Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);//获得一个输出流(从Android流到web)OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();//下面完成HTTP请求头的发送String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1/r/n";outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());//构建acceptString accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*/r/n";outStream.write(accept.getBytes());//构建languageString language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN/r/n";outStream.write(language.getBytes());//构建contenttypeString contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "/r/n";outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());//构建contentlengthString contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "/r/n";outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());//构建aliveString alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive/r/n";outStream.write(alive.getBytes());//构建hostString host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"/r/n";outStream.write(host.getBytes());//写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行outStream.write("/r/n".getBytes());//把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());//把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来for(FormFile uploadFile : files){StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();fileEntity.append("--");fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);fileEntity.append("/r/n");fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "/"/r/n");fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"/r/n/r/n");outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());//边读边写if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int len = 0;while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);}uploadFile.getInStream().close();}else{outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);}outStream.write("/r/n".getBytes());}//下面发送数据结束标志,表示数据已经结束outStream.write(endline.getBytes());BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));//读取web服务器返回的数据,判断请求码是否为200,如果不是200,代表请求失败if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){return false;}outStream.flush();outStream.close();reader.close();socket.close();return true;}/** * 提交数据到服务器 * @param path 上传路径(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试,因为它会指向手机模拟器,你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param file 上传文件 */public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{return post(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});}/** * 提交数据到服务器 * @param path 上传路径(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试,因为它会指向手机模拟器,你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param encode 编码 */public static byte[] postFromHttpClient(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encode) throws Exception{//用于存放请求参数List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));}UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, encode);HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(path);httppost.setEntity(entity);//看作是浏览器HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();//发送post请求HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);return readStream(response.getEntity().getContent());}/** * 发送请求 * @param path 请求路径 * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名称 value为参数值 * @param encode 请求参数的编码 */public static byte[] post(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encode) throws Exception{//String params = "method=save&name="+ URLEncoder.encode("老毕", "UTF-8")+ "&age=28&";//需要发送的参数StringBuilder parambuilder = new StringBuilder("");if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty()){for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){parambuilder.append(entry.getKey()).append("=").append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encode)).append("&");}parambuilder.deleteCharAt(parambuilder.length()-1);}byte[] data = parambuilder.toString().getBytes();URL url = new URL(path);HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();//设置允许对外发送请求参数conn.setDoOutput(true);//设置不进行缓存conn.setUseCaches(false);conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);conn.setRequestMethod("POST");//下面设置http请求头conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");//发送参数DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());outStream.write(data);//把参数发送出去outStream.flush();outStream.close();if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){return readStream(conn.getInputStream());}return null;}/** * 读取流 * @param inStream * @return 字节数组 * @throws Exception */public static byte[] readStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int len = -1;while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1){outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);}outSteam.close();inStream.close();return outSteam.toByteArray();}}public class StreamTool{/** * 从输入流读取数据 * @param inStream * @return * @throws Exception */public static byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int len = 0;while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);}outSteam.close();inStream.close();return outSteam.toByteArray();}}/** * 使用JavaBean封装上传文件数据 * */public class FormFile{//上传文件的数据private byte[] data;private InputStream inStream;private File file;//文件名称private String filname;//请求参数名称private String parameterName;//内容类型private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";/** * 上传小文件,把文件数据先读入内存 * @param filname * @param data * @param parameterName * @param contentType */public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType){this.data = data;this.filname = filname;this.parameterName = parameterName;if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;}/** * 上传大文件,一边读文件数据一边上传 * @param filname * @param file * @param parameterName * @param contentType */public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType){this.filname = filname;this.parameterName = parameterName;this.file = file;try{this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);}catch (FileNotFoundException e){e.printStackTrace();}if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;}public File getFile(){return file;}public InputStream getInStream(){return inStream;}public byte[] getData(){return data;}public String getFilname(){return filname;}public void setFilname(String filname){this.filname = filname;}public String getParameterName(){return parameterName;}public void setParameterName(String parameterName){this.parameterName = parameterName;}public String getContentType(){return contentType;}public void setContentType(String contentType){this.contentType = contentType;}}
更多关于Android相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题:《Android文件操作技巧汇总》、《Android操作SQLite数据库技巧总结》、《Android操作json格式数据技巧总结》、《Android数据库操作技巧总结》、《Android编程之activity操作技巧总结》、《Android编程开发之SD卡操作方法汇总》、《Android开发入门与进阶教程》、《Android资源操作技巧汇总》、《Android视图View技巧总结》及《Android控件用法总结》
希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。