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首页 / 移动开发 / Android / Android ListView常用小技巧汇总


ListView在我们Android项目中的地位是有目共睹的,相信几乎每一个App中都有它的身影。
ListView主要是用列表形式来加载数据,在特定情况下需要实现一些特殊功能:如刷新数据,加载数据,实现动画效果等。
作为我们常用的控件,有哪些需要注意的呢?
**为ListView的每一Item设置分隔线
第一种方法:也是最简单地方法,在布局文件中设置ListView的
divider属性
如:android:divider=”@color/black”
第二种方法:设置android:divider=”@null”表示不要分隔线,然后,自己在Item布局中添加分隔线。
 <ListView>android:id="@+id/test_lv"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:divider="#d1d1d1"<!--设置分隔线颜色-->android:dividerHeight="1px"<!--设置分隔线高度-->> </ListView>
** 默认情况下,ListView的item有点击效果,怎么样改变这种效果呢?
设置ListViewr的android:listSelector属性,比如可以设置透明取消这种效果android:listSelector=”@android:color/transparent”
也可以设置自己想要的效果,添加对应的color资源或drawble资源 就可以了。
** 当数据比较多的时候,ListView在滚动时候会显示一个默认的滚动条,要取消这个滚动条的话,可以设置android:scrollbars属性
如:android:scrollbars=”none”
** ListView性能优化,必用ViewHolder来充分发挥ListView的recycle机制
** ListView中数据动态变化,添加或删除数据操作,效果显而易见。

//实现ListView数据添加删除public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {private ListView test_lv;private List<TestBean> dataList;private TestAdapter adapter;private Button add_btn, del_btn;private ImageView emptyIv;private LinearLayout operator_ll;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);initDatas();initViews();}private void initDatas() {dataList = new ArrayList<>();for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {TestBean bean = new TestBean();bean.setTitle("标题_" + i);bean.setContent("这是内容_" + i);bean.setType(i % 2 == 0 ? 1 : 2);dataList.add(bean);}}private void initViews() {this.test_lv = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.test_lv);this.add_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.add_btn);this.del_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.del_btn);emptyIv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.empty_iv);operator_ll=(LinearLayout)findViewById(R.id.operator_ll);this.add_btn.setOnClickListener(this);this.del_btn.setOnClickListener(this);if (dataList.size() == 0) {emptyIv.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);operator_ll.setVisibility(View.GONE);test_lv.setEmptyView(emptyIv);} else {emptyIv.setVisibility(View.GONE);operator_ll.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);adapter = new TestAdapter(this, dataList);test_lv.setAdapter(adapter);}test_lv.setSelection(15);}@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {switch (v.getId()) {case R.id.add_btn://默认增加在第一个位置TestBean bean = new TestBean();bean.setTitle("增加项");bean.setContent("这是增加内容");bean.setType(1);dataList.add(0, bean);break;case R.id.del_btn://默认删除第一条数据dataList.remove(0);break;}adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();//刷新ListView数据}}//ListView对应Adapterpublic class TestAdapter extends BaseAdapter {private Context mContext;private List<TestBean> listDatas;public TestAdapter(Context mContext, List<TestBean> listDatas) {this.mContext = mContext;this.listDatas = listDatas;}@Overridepublic int getCount() {return listDatas.size();}@Overridepublic Object getItem(int position) {return listDatas.get(position);}@Overridepublic long getItemId(int position) {return position;}@Overridepublic View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {ViewHolder holder = null;if (convertView == null) {holder = new ViewHolder();convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.test_item, null);holder.title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.item_title);holder.content = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.item_content);convertView.setTag(holder);} else {holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();}holder.content.setText(listDatas.get(position).getContent());holder.title.setText(listDatas.get(position).getTitle());return convertView;}final class ViewHolder {TextView title;TextView content;}}
** 类似聊天界面,ListView中有多种item样式效果

//实现ListView中多种item样式public class TypeActivity extends Activity {private ListView type_lv;private List<TestBean> dataList;private TypeAdapter adapter;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_type);initDatas();initViews();}private void initDatas() {dataList = new ArrayList<>();for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {TestBean bean = new TestBean();bean.setTitle("标题_" + i);bean.setContent("这是内容_" + i);bean.setType(i % 2 == 0 ? 1 : 2);dataList.add(bean);}}private void initViews() {this.type_lv = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.type_lv);adapter = new TypeAdapter(this, dataList);type_lv.setAdapter(adapter);}}//对应Adapterpublic class TypeAdapter extends BaseAdapter {private Context mContext;private List<TestBean> listDatas;public TypeAdapter(Context mContext, List<TestBean> listDatas) {this.mContext = mContext;this.listDatas = listDatas;}@Overridepublic int getCount() {return listDatas.size();}@Overridepublic Object getItem(int position) {return listDatas.get(position);}@Overridepublic long getItemId(int position) {return position;}@Overridepublic View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {ViewHolder holder = null;//根据样式设置不同的布局及数据展示int type = getItemViewType(position);if (convertView == null) {holder = new ViewHolder();if (type == 1) {convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.test_item, null);holder.title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.item_title);holder.content = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.item_content);} else {convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.type_item, null);holder.title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.type_title);holder.content = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.type_title);}convertView.setTag(holder);} else {holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();}holder.content.setText(listDatas.get(position).getContent());holder.title.setText(listDatas.get(position).getTitle());return convertView;}//关键方法之getViewTypeCount:获取有多少种样式@Overridepublic int getViewTypeCount() {return 2;}//关键方法之getItemViewType:获取item类型@Overridepublic int getItemViewType(int position) {return listDatas.get(position).getType();}final class ViewHolder {TextView title;TextView content;}}
相关布局

activity_main.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"><LinearLayoutandroid:id="@+id/operator_ll"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:orientation="horizontal"><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/add_btn"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_weight="1"android:gravity="center"android:text="添加" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/del_btn"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_weight="1"android:gravity="center"android:text="删除" /></LinearLayout><ListViewandroid:id="@+id/test_lv"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:divider="#d1d1d1"<!--分隔线颜色-->android:dividerHeight="1px"<!--分隔线高度-->android:listSelector="@android:color/transparent"<!--取消默认点击效果-->android:scrollbars="none"><!--隐藏滚动条--></ListView><ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/empty_iv"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_gravity="center"android:layout_marginTop="100dp"android:src="@mipmap/empty"android:visibility="gone" /></LinearLayout>
activity_type.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"><ListViewandroid:id="@+id/type_lv"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"></ListView></LinearLayout>
test_item.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="vertical" android:paddingLeft="15dp" android:layout_marginTop="5dp" android:layout_marginBottom="5dp"> <TextViewandroid:id="@+id/item_title"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="Hello World!" /> <TextViewandroid:id="@+id/item_content"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_marginTop="5dp"android:text="Hello World!" /></LinearLayout>
以上就是搜集的Android ListView常用小技巧全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。