默认情况下情况下,使用Android的WebView是不能够支持上传文件的。而这个,也是在我们的前端工程师告知之后才了解的。因为Android的每个版本WebView的实现有差异,因此需要对不同版本去适配。花了一点时间,参考别人的代码,这个问题已经解决,这里把我踩过的坑分享出来。
主要思路是重写WebChromeClient,然后在WebViewActivity中接收选择到的文件Uri,传给页面去上传就可以了。
创建一个WebViewActivity的内部类public class XHSWebChromeClient extends WebChromeClient {// For Android 3.0+public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg) {CLog.i("UPFILE", "in openFile Uri Callback");if (mUploadMessage != null) {mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);}mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);i.setType("*/*");startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Chooser"), FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);}// For Android 3.0+public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType) {CLog.i("UPFILE", "in openFile Uri Callback has accept Type" + acceptType);if (mUploadMessage != null) {mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);}mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);String type = TextUtils.isEmpty(acceptType) ? "*/*" : acceptType;i.setType(type);startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Chooser"),FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);}// For Android 4.1public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture) {CLog.i("UPFILE", "in openFile Uri Callback has accept Type" + acceptType + "has capture" + capture);if (mUploadMessage != null) {mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);}mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);String type = TextUtils.isEmpty(acceptType) ? "*/*" : acceptType;i.setType(type);startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Chooser"), FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);}//Android 5.0+@Override@SuppressLint("NewApi")public boolean onShowFileChooser(WebView webView, ValueCallback<Uri[]> filePathCallback, FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {if (mUploadMessage != null) {mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);}CLog.i("UPFILE", "file chooser params:" + fileChooserParams.toString());mUploadMessage = filePathCallback;Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);if (fileChooserParams != null && fileChooserParams.getAcceptTypes() != null&& fileChooserParams.getAcceptTypes().length > 0) {i.setType(fileChooserParams.getAcceptTypes()[0]);} else {i.setType("*/*");}startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Chooser"), FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);return true;}}上面openFileChooser是系统未暴露的接口,因此不需要加Override的注解,同时不同版本有不同的参数,其中的参数,第一个ValueCallback用于我们在选择完文件后,接收文件回调到网页内处理,acceptType为接受的文件mime type。在Android 5.0之后,系统提供了onShowFileChooser来让我们实现选择文件的方法,仍然有ValueCallback,在FileChooserParams参数中,同样包括acceptType。我们可以根据acceptType,来打开系统的或者我们自己创建文件选择器。当然如果需要打开相机拍照,也可以自己去使用打开相机拍照的Intent去打开即可。
处理选择的文件
以上是打开响应的选择文件的界面,我们还需要处理接收到文件之后,传给网页来响应。因为我们前面是使用startActivityForResult来打开的选择页面,我们会在onActivityResult中接收到选择的结果。Show code:
@Overrideprotected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);if (requestCode == FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE) {if (null == mUploadMessage) return;Uri result = data == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK ? null : data.getData();if (result == null) {mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);mUploadMessage = null;return;}CLog.i("UPFILE", "onActivityResult" + result.toString());String path = FileUtils.getPath(this, result);if (TextUtils.isEmpty(path)) {mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);mUploadMessage = null;return;}Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(path));CLog.i("UPFILE", "onActivityResult after parser uri:" + uri.toString());if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{uri});} else {mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(uri);}mUploadMessage = null;}}以上代码主要就是调用ValueCallback的onReceiveValue方法,将结果传回web。
注意,其他要说的,重要
由于不同版本的差别,Android 5.0以下的版本,ValueCallback 的onReceiveValue接收的参数类型是Uri, 5.0及以上版本接收的是Uri数组,在传值的时候需要注意。
选择文件会使用系统提供的组件或者其他支持的app,返回的uri有的直接是文件的url,有的是contentprovider的uri,因此我们需要统一处理一下,转成文件的uri,可参考以下代码(获取文件的路径)。
调用getPath可以将Uri转成真实文件的Path,然后可以自己生成文件的Uri
public class FileUtils {/** * @param uri The Uri to check. * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider. */public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());}/** * @param uri The Uri to check. * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider. */public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());}/** * @param uri The Uri to check. * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider. */public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());}/** * Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for * MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders. * * @param context The context. * @param uri The Uri to query. * @param selection (Optional) Filter used in the query. * @param selectionArgs (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query. * @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path. */public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,String[] selectionArgs) {Cursor cursor = null;final String column = "_data";final String[] projection = {column};try {cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,null);if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);return cursor.getString(column_index);}} finally {if (cursor != null)cursor.close();}return null;}/** * Get a file path from a Uri. This will get the the path for Storage Access * Framework Documents, as well as the _data field for the MediaStore and * other file-based ContentProviders. * * @param context The context. * @param uri The Uri to query. * @author paulburke */@SuppressLint("NewApi")public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;// DocumentProviderif (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {// ExternalStorageProviderif (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);final String[] split = docId.split(":");final String type = split[0];if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];}// TODO handle non-primary volumes}// DownloadsProviderelse if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);}// MediaProviderelse if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);final String[] split = docId.split(":");final String type = split[0];Uri contentUri = null;if ("image".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;} else if ("video".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;}final String selection = "_id=?";final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] {split[1]};return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);}}// MediaStore (and general)else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);}// Fileelse if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {return uri.getPath();}return null;}}再有,即使获取的结果为null,也要传给web,即直接调用mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null),否则网页会阻塞。
最后,在打release包的时候,因为我们会混淆,要特别设置不要混淆WebChromeClient子类里面的openFileChooser方法,由于不是继承的方法,所以默认会被混淆,然后就无法选择文件了。
就这样吧。
原文地址:http://blog.isming.me/2015/12/21/android-webview-upload-file/
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。