本文实例讲述了Android编程实现AIDL(跨进程通信)的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
一. 概述:跨进程通信(AIDL),主要实现进程(应用)间数据共享功能。
二. 实现流程:1. 服务器端实现:(1)目录结构,如下图:

(2)实现*.aidl文件:
A. IAIDLService.aidl实现:
package com.focus.aidl;import com.focus.aidl.Person;interface IAIDLService {String getName();Person getPerson();}B. Person.aidl实现:
parcelable Person;
(3)进程间传递对象必需实现Parcelable或Serializable接口,下面是被传递的Person对象实现:
package com.focus.aidl;import android.os.Parcel;import android.os.Parcelable;public class Person implements Parcelable {private String name;private int age;public Person() {}public Person(Parcel source) {name = source.readString();age = source.readInt();}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public int describeContents() {return 0;}public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {dest.writeString(name);dest.writeInt(age);}public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() {public Person[] newArray(int size) {return new Person[size];}public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) {return new Person(source);}};}(4)实现IAIDLService.aidl文件中定义的接口,并定义Service,在Service被bind时返回此实现类:
package com.focus.aidl;import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService.Stub;import android.app.Service;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.IBinder;import android.os.RemoteException;public class AIDLServiceImpl extends Service {@Overridepublic IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {return mBinder;}/** * 在AIDL文件中定义的接口实现。 */private IAIDLService.Stub mBinder = new Stub() {public String getName() throws RemoteException {return "mayingcai";}public Person getPerson() throws RemoteException {Person mPerson = new Person();mPerson.setName("mayingcai");mPerson.setAge(24);return mPerson;}};}(5)在AndroidManifest.xml文件中注册Service:
<service android:name = ".AIDLServiceImpl" android:process = ":remote"><intent-filter><action android:name = "com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService" /></intent-filter></service>
2. 客户端实现:(1)目录结构,如下图:

(2)将服务器端的IAIDLService.aidl,Person.aidl和Person.Java文件拷贝到本工程中,如上图所示:
(3)res/layout/main.xml实现:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:orientation = "vertical"android:layout_width = "fill_parent"android:layout_height = "fill_parent"><TextViewandroid:id = "@+id/name"android:layout_width = "wrap_content"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"/><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/connection"android:layout_width = "wrap_content"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:text = "连接"/><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/message"android:layout_width = "wrap_content"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:enabled = "false"android:text = "信息"/><Buttonandroid:id = "@+id/person"android:layout_width = "wrap_content"android:layout_height = "wrap_content"android:enabled = "false"android:text = "人"/></LinearLayout>
(4)主Activity实现,从服务器端获取数据在客户端显示:
package com.focus.aidl.client;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.ComponentName;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.ServiceConnection;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.IBinder;import android.os.RemoteException;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService;import com.focus.aidl.Person;public class AIDLClientAcitivty extends Activity {private IAIDLService mAIDLService;private TextView mName;private Button mMessage;private Button mPerson;/** * 第一步,创建ServiceConnection对象,在onServiceConnected()方法中获取IAIDLService实现。 */private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {mAIDLService = IAIDLService.Stub.asInterface(service);mMessage.setEnabled(true);mPerson.setEnabled(true);}public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {mAIDLService = null;mMessage.setEnabled(false);mPerson.setEnabled(false);}};@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.main);mName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.name);findViewById(R.id.connection).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {public void onClick(View view) {/** * 第二步,单击"连接"按钮后用mServiceConnection去bind服务器端创建的Service。 */Intent service = new Intent("com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService");bindService(service, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);}});mMessage = (Button) findViewById(R.id.message);mMessage.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {public void onClick(View view) {/** * 第三步,从服务器端获取字符串。 */try {mName.setText(mAIDLService.getName());} catch (RemoteException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}});mPerson = (Button) findViewById(R.id.person);mPerson.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {public void onClick(View view) {/** * 第四步,从服务器端获取Person对象。 */try {Person mPerson = mAIDLService.getPerson();mName.setText("姓名:" + mPerson.getName() + ", 年龄:" + mPerson.getAge());} catch (RemoteException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}});}}更多关于Android相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题:《Android数据库操作技巧总结》、《Android编程之activity操作技巧总结》、《Android文件操作技巧汇总》、《Android编程开发之SD卡操作方法汇总》、《Android开发入门与进阶教程》、《Android资源操作技巧汇总》、《Android视图View技巧总结》及《Android控件用法总结》
希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。