Python部署管理工具Fabric

fabric是个轻量级的远程维护工具，当然是结合python来使用，先看介绍：
Fabric is a Python （2.5 or higher） library and command-line tool for streamlining the use of SSH for application deployment or systems administration tasks.
不过需要注意的是fabric只支持2.5以后python，然而rhl5默认的是2.4.3，因此需要首先升级先python。
升级之前是2.4.3：
[root@gtlionsdev ~]# python -V
Python 2.4.3[root@gtlionsdev ~]# wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.3/Python-2.7.3.tar.bz2
--2012-09-27 15:47:23-- http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.3/Python-2.7.3.tar.bz2
正在解析主机 www.python.org... 82.94.164.162, 2001:888:2000:d::a2
Connecting to www.python.org|82.94.164.162|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：11793433 （11M） [application/x-bzip2]
Saving to: `Python-2.7.3.tar.bz2"100%[=====================================================================================================================================================>] 11,793,433   381K/s   in 26s     2012-09-27 15:47:55 （451 KB/s） - `Python-2.7.3.tar.bz2" saved [11793433/11793433]
[root@gtlionsdev ~]# tar -jxf Python-2.7.3.tar.bz2
[root@gtlionsdev ~]# cd Python-2.7.3
[root@gtlionsdev Python-2.7.3]# ./configure
checking for --enable-universalsdk... no
checking for --with-universal-archs... 32-bit
checking MACHDEP... linux2
checking EXTRAPLATDIR...
checking machine type as reported by uname -m... x86_64
checking for --without-gcc... no
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
..........
..........
checking for build directories... done
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile.pre
config.status: creating Modules/Setup.config
config.status: creating Misc/python.pc
config.status: creating Modules/ld_so_aix
config.status: creating pyconfig.h
creating Modules/Setup
creating Modules/Setup.local
creating Makefile
[root@gtlionsdev Python-2.7.3]# make
gcc -pthread -c -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I. -IInclude -I./Include   -DPy_BUILD_CORE -o Modules/python.o ./Modules/python.c
gcc -pthread -c -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I. -IInclude -I./Include   -DPy_BUILD_CORE -o Parser/acceler.o Parser/acceler.c
..........
漫长的make过程
漫长的make过程
..........
Failed to build these modules:
readline                                              running build_scripts
creating build/scripts-2.7
copying and adjusting /root/Python-2.7.3/Tools/scripts/pydoc -> build/scripts-2.7
copying and adjusting /root/Python-2.7.3/Tools/scripts/idle -> build/scripts-2.7
copying and adjusting /root/Python-2.7.3/Tools/scripts/2to3 -> build/scripts-2.7
copying and adjusting /root/Python-2.7.3/Lib/smtpd.py -> build/scripts-2.7
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pydoc from 644 to 755
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/idle from 644 to 755
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/2to3 from 644 to 755
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/smtpd.py from 644 to 755
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./Tools/gdb/libpython.py python-gdb.py
提示readline模块失败，囧，先跳过再说。
[root@gtlionsdev Python-2.7.3]# make install
[root@gtlionsdev Python-2.7.3]# /usr/local/bin/python2.7 -V
Python 2.7.3
[root@gtlionsdev Python-2.7.3]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.4.3.bak
[root@gtlionsdev Python-2.7.3]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python
[root@gtlionsdev Python-2.7.3]# python -V
Python 2.7.3
另外由于yum调用python，这个仍然需要使用2.4.3版本，因此需要修改下yum脚本：
[root@gtlionsdev Python-2.7.3]# vim /usr/bin/yum
将首行的#！/usr/bin/python改成#！/usr/bin/python2.4，然后测试一下:
[root@gtlionsdev Python-2.7.3]# yum list
[root@gtlionsdev Python-2.7.3]# yum update
一切正常，OK。然后接下来开始安装fabric，推荐使用pip来安装，pip是用来替代easy_install的不错的工具：
$ curl -O https://raw.github.com/pypa/virtualenv/master/virtualenv.py
$ python virtualenv.py my_new_env
$ . my_new_env/bin/activate
（my_new_env）$ pip install fabric安装完成记得把环境变量包含/root/my_new_env/bin进PATH。
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