Linux下MySQL5.7安装部署详细教程

Part1:写在最前
MYSQL5.7.15是截止至本文撰写当日，mysql官网的最新社区版，mysql5.7的多项功能优化可以用激动人心来形容，嫌安装麻烦？没关系，跟着本文，带你快速搞定MySQL5.7.15数据库安装部署。Part2:仅仅安装就够了？
不，当然不够，MySQL5.7的多项功能特性更新，无法一一赘述，因此，我们先从和本文最相关的my.cnf，来解读一些MySQL5.7的部分新特性。
在之前我写过一篇MySQL5.6的新特性参数，诸如：
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown=1 它dump的不是数据，是Id号
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup=1
开启这个两个参数当数据库重启后把这些热数据重新加载回去
只有正常关库才会dump热数据块，宕机和kill -9不会
更多5.6安装内容可移步：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-09/135422.htm在5.7里，一个新的系统参数：innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct,其默认值为25
允许DBA控制每个缓冲池最近使用页的百分比来导出，以减缓导出innodb buffer pool所有页占用过大的磁盘。如果innodb buffer pool里缓存了100个页，那么会将最近使用的25个页导出去，最大值是100，意思为全部导出，如下图所示：注：在MariaDB10.1里，同样提供了该参数，不过其默认值是100在线调整innodb_buffer_pool_size,不用重启mysql进程
在MySQL5.6/MariaDB 10.1版本，调整该参数必须重启MySQL进程才可以生效，而mysql5.7版本里，可以直接动态设置，非常方便。
这个功能应用场景如：
1.机器新增内存，DBA忘记调大该参数；
2.工作交接，新来的DBA发现前任DBA对该参数设置不合理。
下面在我机器里进行测试，把512M内存变更为256M，见下图：需注意的是，在调整buffer_pool期间，用户的请求会被阻塞，直到调整完毕，所以请勿在高峰期调整。Part3:整个流程分3步
1.mysql官网下载二进制版本的mysql5.7.15安装包（mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz）至/root目录
2.执行下文所述的mysql_auto_install.sh脚本
3.输入您设置的密码登录数据库Part4:自动化脚本
[root@HE2 ~]# cat mysql_auto_install.sh
###### 二进制自动安装数据库脚本root密码MANAGER将脚本和安装包放在/root目录即可###############
######数据库目录/usr/local/mysql############
######数据目录/data/mysql############
######慢日志目录/data/slowlog############
######端口号默认3306其余参数按需自行修改############

##################
#author：rrhelei@126.com#
##################
#！/bin/bash

# Check if user is root
if [ $（id -u）！= "0" ]; then
echo "Error: You must be root to run this script, please use root to install"
exit 1
fi

clear
echo "========================================================================="
echo "A tool to auto-compile & install MySQL 5.7.15 on RedHat/CentOS Linux "
echo "========================================================================="
cur_dir=$（pwd）

#set mysql root password
echo "==========================="

mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER"
echo -e "Please input the root password of mysql:"
read -p "（Default password: MANAGER）:" mysqlrootpwd
if [ "$mysqlrootpwd" = "" ]; then
mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER"
fi
echo "==========================="
echo "MySQL root password:$mysqlrootpwd"
echo "==========================="

#which MySQL Version do you want to install？
echo "==========================="

isinstallmysql57="n"
echo "Install MySQL 5.7.15,Please input y"
read -p "（Please input y , n）:" isinstallmysql57

case "$isinstallmysql57" in
y|Y|Yes|YES|yes|yES|yEs|YeS|yeS）
echo "You will install MySQL 5.7.15"

isinstallmysql57="y"
;;
*）
echo "INPUT error,You will exit install MySQL 5.7.15"

isinstallmysql57="n"
exit
esac

get_char（）
{
SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g`
stty -echo
stty cbreak
#dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null
stty -raw
stty echo
stty $SAVEDSTTY
}
echo ""
echo "Press any key to start...or Press Ctrl+c to cancel"
char=`get_char`

# Initialize the installation related content.
function InitInstall（）
{
cat /etc/issue
uname -a
MemTotal=`free -m | grep Mem | awk "{print $2}"`
echo -e " Memory is: ${MemTotal} MB "
#Set timezone
#rm -rf /etc/localtime
#ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

#Delete Old Mysql program
rpm -qa|grep mysql
rpm -e mysql

#Disable SeLinux
if [ -s /etc/selinux/config ]; then
sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
fi
setenforce 0

}

#Installation of depend on and optimization options.
function InstallDependsAndOpt（）
{
cd $cur_dir

cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF
* soft nproc 65535
* hard nproc 65535
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
EOF

echo "fs.file-max=65535" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
}

#Install MySQL
function InstallMySQL57（）
{
echo "============================Install MySQL 5.7.15=================================="
cd $cur_dir

#Backup old my.cnf
#rm -f /etc/my.cnf
if [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.bak
fi

echo "============================MySQL 5.7.15 installing…………========================="
#mysql directory configuration
tar xvf /root/mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv /root/mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
groupadd mysql -g 512
useradd -u 512 -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /home/mysql mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
mkdir -p /data/slowlog
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/slowlog

#edit /etc/my.cnf
SERVERID=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk "{ print $2}"| awk -F. "{ print $3$4}"`
cat >>/etc/my.cnf<<EOF
[client]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
lower_case_table_names=1
back_log=103
max_connections=3000
max_connect_errors=100000
table_open_cache=512
external-locking=FALSE
max_allowed_packet=32M
sort_buffer_size=2M
join_buffer_size=2M
thread_cache_size=51
query_cache_size=32M
#query_cache_limit=4M
transaction_isolation=REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size=96M
max_heap_table_size=96M

###***slowqueryparameters
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file=/data/slowlog/slow.log

###***binlogparameters
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size=4M
max_binlog_cache_size=8M
max_binlog_size=1024M
binlog_format=MIXED
expire_logs_days=7

###***relay-logparameters
#relay-log=/data/3307/relay-bin
#relay-log-info-file=/data/3307/relay-log.info
#master-info-repository=table
#relay-log-info-repository=table
#relay-log-recovery=1

#***MyISAMparameters
key_buffer_size=16M
read_buffer_size=1M
read_rnd_buffer_size=16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size=1M

#skip-name-resolve

###***master-slavereplicationparameters
server-id=$SERVERID
#slave-skip-errors=all

#***Innodbstorageengineparameters
innodb_buffer_pool_size=512M
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_file_io_threads=8
innodb_thread_concurrency=16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_log_file_size=512M
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=75
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct=75
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=50
innodb_file_per_table=on

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet=32M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer=16M
sort_buffer_size=16M
read_buffer=8M
write_buffer=8M

[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit=8192
log-error=/data/mysql/error.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid

EOF

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --initialize-insecure

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on

cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql-x86_64.conf<<EOF
/usr/local/mysql/lib
EOF
ldconfig

if [ -d "/proc/vz" ];then
ulimit -s unlimited
fi

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mysql/lib
EOF

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password $mysqlrootpwd

cat > /tmp/mysql_sec_script<<EOF
use mysql;
delete from mysql.user where user！="root" or host！="localhost";
grant all privileges on *.* to "sys_admin"@"%" identified by "MANAGER";
flush privileges;
EOF

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p$mysqlrootpwd -h localhost < /tmp/mysql_sec_script

#rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script

#/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

echo "============================MySQL 5.7.15 install completed========================="
}

function CheckInstall（）
{
echo "===================================== Check install ==================================="
clear
ismysql=""
echo "Checking..."

if [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql ] && [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe ] && [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then
echo "MySQL: OK"
ismysql="ok"
else
echo "Error: /usr/local/mysql not found！！！MySQL install failed."
fi

if [ "$ismysql" = "ok" ]; then
echo "Install MySQL 5.7.15 completed！ enjoy it."
echo "========================================================================="
netstat -ntl
else
echo "Sorry,Failed to install MySQL！"
echo "You can tail /root/mysql-install.log from your server."
fi
}

#The installation log
InitInstall 2>&1 | tee /root/mysql-install.log
InstallDependsAndOpt 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log
InstallMySQL57 > /dev/null
CheckInstall 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.logPart5:登录&享受吧
输入用户名密码（默认为MANAGER）登录数据库至此，MySQL5.7.15安装完成——总结——
MySQL5.7拥有诸多让我们激动和期待的新功能，限于文章篇幅原因，这里仅仅介绍冰山一角。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。本文永久更新链接地址