CentOS 6.4安装 Python2.7.10

系统环境：[root@linuxidc ~]# cat /etc/RedHat-releaseCentOS release 6.4 （Final）[root@linuxidc ~]# uname -aLinux linuxidc.test.com 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Feb 22 00:31:26 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux需求：安装python环境软件包的下载地址：https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.10/Python-2.7.10.tgz一、具体安装：tar zxf Python-2.7.10.tgzcd Python-2.7.10./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pythonmake && make install二、启动python2.7:[root@linuxidc2 ~]# /usr/local/python/bin/python2.7Python 2.7.10 （default, Jul 10 2015, 03:54:03）[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 （Red Hat 4.4.7-11）] on linux2Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.Traceback （most recent call last）: File "/root/.pythonstartup", line 2, in <module> import readlineImportError: No module named readline排查思路：从上述报错可知：ImportError: No module named readline，缺少readline模块解决方法：安装readline-6.2.4.1.tar.gz下载地址：https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/r/readline/readline-6.2.4.1.tar.gz#md5=578237939c81fdbc2c8334d168b17907安装readline[root@linuxidc2 ~]# tar zxf readline-6.2.4.1.tar.gz -C /usr/src/[root@linuxidc2 ~]# cd /usr/src/readline-6.2.4.1/[root@linuxidc2 readline-6.2.4.1]# python setup.py buildTraceback （most recent call last）: File "setup.py", line 8, in <module> from setuptools import setup, ExtensionImportError: No module named setuptools从上述报错信息可知：ImportError: No module named setuptools，缺少setuptools模块解决方法：安装setuptools下载地址：http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz[root@linuxidc2 ~]# tar zxf setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz -C /usr/src/[root@linuxidc2 ~]# cd /usr/src/setuptools-0.6c11/[root@linuxidc2 setuptools-0.6c11]# python setup.py build[root@linuxidc2 setuptools-0.6c11]# python setup.py install
setuptools安装完成后，进入到readline相关的目录下，执行如下操作：[root@linuxidc2 readline-6.2.4.1]# python setup.py build再次readline报错内容如下：./build.sh: line 41: patch: command not found============ Building the readline extension module ============running buildrunning build_extbuilding "readline" extensioncreating buildcreating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/Modulescreating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/Modules/2.xgcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -DHAVE_RL_CALLBACK -DHAVE_RL_CATCH_SIGNAL -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_APPEND_CHARACTER -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_DISPLAY_MATCHES_HOOK -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_MATCHES -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_SUPPRESS_APPEND -DHAVE_RL_PRE_INPUT_HOOK -I. -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c Modules/2.x/readline.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/Modules/2.x/readline.o -Wno-strict-prototypesModules/2.x/readline.c:8:20: error: Python.h: No such file or directoryIn file included from ./readline/readline.h:36, from Modules/2.x/readline.c:31:./readline/rltypedefs.h:64: error: expected ‘）’ before ‘*’ tokenIn file included from Modules/2.x/readline.c:31:./readline/readline.h:419: error: expected ‘）’ before ‘*’ token./readline/readline.h:542: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ token./readline/readline.h:543: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ token./readline/readline.h:565: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ token./readline/readline.h:867: error: expected specifier-qualifier-list before ‘FILE’Modules/2.x/readline.c:74: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:92: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:98: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:111: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:118: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:132: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:139: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:154: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:161: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:172: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:180: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:187: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:194: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:225: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:226: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:229: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:232: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:253: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:259: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:266: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:276: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:283: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:294: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:296: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:297: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:301: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:308: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:314: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:322: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:328: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:336: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:342: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:356: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c: In function ‘_py_free_history_entry’:Modules/2.x/readline.c:372: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘free’Modules/2.x/readline.c:372: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘free’Modules/2.x/readline.c: At top level:Modules/2.x/readline.c:391: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:417: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:420: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:449: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:454: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:467: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:473: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:480: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:486: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:493: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:500: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:511: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c: In function ‘_py_get_history_length’:Modules/2.x/readline.c:530: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘free’Modules/2.x/readline.c: At top level:Modules/2.x/readline.c:536: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:573: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:579: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:586: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:592: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:599: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:607: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:615: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:622: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:633: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:639: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:647: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:654: error: array type has incomplete element typeModules/2.x/readline.c:656: error: ‘parse_and_bind’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:656: error: ‘METH_VARARGS’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:656: error: ‘doc_parse_and_bind’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:657: error: ‘get_line_buffer’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:657: error: ‘METH_NOARGS’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:657: error: ‘doc_get_line_buffer’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:658: error: ‘insert_text’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:658: error: ‘doc_insert_text’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:659: error: ‘redisplay’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:659: error: ‘doc_redisplay’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:660: error: ‘read_init_file’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:660: error: ‘doc_read_init_file’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:661: error: ‘read_history_file’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:662: error: ‘doc_read_history_file’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:663: error: ‘write_history_file’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:664: error: ‘doc_write_history_file’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:665: error: ‘get_history_item’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:666: error: ‘doc_get_history_item’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:667: error: ‘PyCFunction’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:667: error: expected ‘}’ before ‘get_current_history_length’Modules/2.x/readline.c:669: error: ‘set_history_length’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:670: error: ‘set_history_length_doc’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:671: error: ‘get_history_length’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:672: error: ‘get_history_length_doc’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:673: error: ‘set_completer’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:673: error: ‘doc_set_completer’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:674: error: ‘get_completer’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:674: error: ‘doc_get_completer’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:675: error: ‘get_completion_type’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:676: error: ‘doc_get_completion_type’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:677: error: ‘get_begidx’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:677: error: ‘doc_get_begidx’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:678: error: ‘get_endidx’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:678: error: ‘doc_get_endidx’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:680: error: ‘set_completer_delims’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:681: error: ‘doc_set_completer_delims’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:682: error: ‘py_add_history’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:682: error: ‘doc_add_history’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:683: error: ‘py_remove_history’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:683: error: ‘doc_remove_history’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:684: error: ‘py_replace_history’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:684: error: ‘doc_replace_history’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:685: error: ‘get_completer_delims’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:686: error: ‘doc_get_completer_delims’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:688: error: ‘set_completion_display_matches_hook’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:689: error: ‘doc_set_completion_display_matches_hook’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:690: error: ‘set_startup_hook’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:691: error: ‘doc_set_startup_hook’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:693: error: ‘set_pre_input_hook’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:694: error: ‘doc_set_pre_input_hook’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:697: error: ‘py_clear_history’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:697: error: ‘doc_clear_history’ undeclared here （not in a function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:706: error: expected ‘）’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c: In function ‘on_startup_hook’:Modules/2.x/readline.c:741: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘on_hook’Modules/2.x/readline.c:741: error: ‘startup_hook’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:741: error: （Each undeclared identifier is reported only onceModules/2.x/readline.c:741: error: for each function it appears in.）Modules/2.x/readline.c: In function ‘on_pre_input_hook’:Modules/2.x/readline.c:748: error: ‘pre_input_hook’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c: In function ‘on_completion_display_matches_hook’:Modules/2.x/readline.c:760: error: ‘PyObject’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:760: error: ‘m’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:760: error: ‘s’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:760: warning: left-hand operand of comma expression has no effectModules/2.x/readline.c:760: error: ‘r’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:760: warning: left-hand operand of comma expression has no effectModules/2.x/readline.c:764: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘PyList_New’Modules/2.x/readline.c:768: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘PyString_FromString’Modules/2.x/readline.c:771: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘PyList_SetItem’Modules/2.x/readline.c:775: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘PyObject_CallFunction’Modules/2.x/readline.c:775: error: ‘completion_display_matches_hook’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:778: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘Py_DECREF’Modules/2.x/readline.c:781: error: ‘Py_None’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:781: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘PyInt_AsLong’Modules/2.x/readline.c:781: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘PyErr_Occurred’Modules/2.x/readline.c:784: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘Py_XDECREF’Modules/2.x/readline.c:788: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘PyErr_Clear’Modules/2.x/readline.c: In function ‘on_completion’:Modules/2.x/readline.c:804: error: ‘completer’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:805: error: ‘PyObject’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:805: error: ‘r’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:813: error: ‘Py_None’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:817: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘PyString_AsString’Modules/2.x/readline.c: In function ‘flex_complete’:Modules/2.x/readline.c:849: error: ‘begidx’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:850: error: ‘endidx’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:851: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘PyInt_FromLong’Modules/2.x/readline.c: In function ‘setup_readline’:Modules/2.x/readline.c:900: error: ‘begidx’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:901: error: ‘endidx’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c: In function ‘readline_until_enter_or_signal’:Modules/2.x/readline.c:1009: error: ‘PyOS_sighandler_t’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:1009: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘old_inthandler’Modules/2.x/readline.c:1014: error: ‘old_inthandler’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c:1014: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘PyOS_setsig’Modules/2.x/readline.c:1024: error: ‘PyOS_InputHook’ undeclared （first use in this function）Modules/2.x/readline.c: At top level:Modules/2.x/readline.c:1034: error: expected ‘）’ before ‘*’ tokenModules/2.x/readline.c:1111: error: expected ‘）’ before string constantModules/2.x/readline.c:1119: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘initreadline’error: command "gcc" failed with exit status 1解决方法：yum -y install gcc python-devel根据实际情况来看，是否需要安装其他的软件包：zlib-devel openssl-devel libffi-devel （我的机器安装上，后来又移除了，python环境运行正常）再次执行python setup.py build，报错内容如下：============ Building the readline extension module ============running buildrunning build_extbuilding "readline" extensiongcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -DHAVE_RL_CALLBACK -DHAVE_RL_CATCH_SIGNAL -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_APPEND_CHARACTER -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_DISPLAY_MATCHES_HOOK -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_MATCHES -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_SUPPRESS_APPEND -DHAVE_RL_PRE_INPUT_HOOK -I. -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c Modules/2.x/readline.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/Modules/2.x/readline.o -Wno-strict-prototypesgcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/Modules/2.x/readline.o readline/libreadline.a readline/libhistory.a -L/usr/lib64 -lncurses -lpython2.6 -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/readline.sogcc: readline/libreadline.a：没有那个文件或目录gcc: readline/libhistory.a：没有那个文件或目录解决方法：yum -y install patchpython setup.py buildpython setup.py install至此readline总算是编译安装成功，如果此时执行/usr/local/python/bin/python2.7直接启动python，依然看到和首次启动python一样的错误，此时，别着急，重新编译安装python后再启动即可正常使用。[root@linuxidc Python-2.7.10]# /usr/local/python/bin/python2.7Python 2.7.10 （default, Jul 10 2015, 15:41:26）[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 （Red Hat 4.4.7-11）] on linux2Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------无需操作系统直接运行 Python 代码 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-05/117357.htmCentOS上源码安装Python3.4 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-01/111870.htm《Python核心编程第二版》.（Wesley J. Chun ）.[高清PDF中文版] http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/85425.htm《Python开发技术详解》.（周伟,宗杰）.[高清PDF扫描版+随书视频+代码] http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-11/92693.htmPython脚本获取Linux系统信息 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88531.htm在Ubuntu下用Python搭建桌面算法交易研究环境 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-11/92534.htmPython 语言的发展简史 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/107206.htm--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------更多CentOS相关信息见CentOS 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx？tid=14本文永久更新链接地址