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最近项目需要用到Spring Security的权限控制,故花了点时间简单的去看了一下其权限控制相关的源码(版本为4.2)。

AccessDecisionManager

spring security是通过AccessDecisionManager进行授权管理的,先来张官方图镇楼。

AccessDecisionManager

AccessDecisionManager 接口定义了如下方法://调用AccessDecisionVoter进行投票(关键方法)void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException,InsufficientAuthenticationException;boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute);boolean supports(Class clazz);接下来看看它的实现类的具体实现:

AffirmativeBased

public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException {int deny = 0;for (AccessDecisionVoter voter : getDecisionVoters()) {//调用AccessDecisionVoter进行vote(我们姑且称之为投票吧),后面再看vote的源码。int result = voter.vote(authentication, object, configAttributes);if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {logger.debug("Voter: " + voter + ", returned: " + result);}switch (result) {case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_GRANTED://值为1//只要有voter投票为ACCESS_GRANTED,则通过return;case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_DENIED://值为-1deny++;break;default:break;}}if (deny > 0) {//如果有两个及以上AccessDecisionVoter(姑且称之为投票者吧)都投ACCESS_DENIED,则直接就不通过了throw new AccessDeniedException(messages.getMessage("AbstractAccessDecisionManager.accessDenied", "Access is denied"));}// To get this far, every AccessDecisionVoter abstainedcheckAllowIfAllAbstainDecisions();}源码中,有个Collection configAttributes 参数,ConfigAttribute是什么? 这个其实是一个很灵活的东西,不同的情况代表不同的语义,比如在使用了角色控制的时候,传入的则可能是ROLE__XXX之类的,以便ROLE_VOTER使用。具体的后面在细说。通过以上代码可直接看到AffirmativeBased的策略:
  • 只要有投通过(ACCESS_GRANTED)票,则直接判为通过。
  • 如果没有投通过票且反对(ACCESS_DENIED)票在两个及其以上的,则直接判为不通过。

UnanimousBased

public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,Collection<ConfigAttribute> attributes) throws AccessDeniedException {int grant = 0;int abstain = 0;List<ConfigAttribute> singleAttributeList = new ArrayList<ConfigAttribute>(1);singleAttributeList.add(null);for (ConfigAttribute attribute : attributes) {singleAttributeList.set(0, attribute);for (AccessDecisionVoter voter : getDecisionVoters()) {//配置的投票者进行投票int result = voter.vote(authentication, object, singleAttributeList);if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {logger.debug("Voter: " + voter + ", returned: " + result);}switch (result) {case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_GRANTED:grant++;break;case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_DENIED://只要有投票者投反对票就立马判为无权访问throw new AccessDeniedException(messages.getMessage("AbstractAccessDecisionManager.accessDenied","Access is denied"));default:abstain++;break;}}}// To get this far, there were no deny votesif (grant > 0) {//如果没反对票且有通过票,那么就判为通过return;}// To get this far, every AccessDecisionVoter abstainedcheckAllowIfAllAbstainDecisions();}由此可见UnanimousBased的策略:
  • 无论多少投票者投了多少通过(ACCESS_GRANTED)票,只要有反对票(ACCESS_DENIED),那都判为不通过。
  • 如果没有反对票且有投票者投了通过票,那么就判为通过。

ConsensusBased

public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException {int grant = 0;int deny = 0;int abstain = 0;for (AccessDecisionVoter voter : getDecisionVoters()) {//配置的投票者进行投票int result = voter.vote(authentication, object, configAttributes);if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {logger.debug("Voter: " + voter + ", returned: " + result);}switch (result) {case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_GRANTED:grant++;break;case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_DENIED:deny++;break;default:abstain++;break;}}if (grant > deny) {//通过的票数大于反对的票数则判为通过return;}if (deny > grant) {//通过的票数小于反对的票数则判为不通过throw new AccessDeniedException(messages.getMessage("AbstractAccessDecisionManager.accessDenied", "Access is denied"));}if ((grant == deny) && (grant != 0)) {//this.allowIfEqualGrantedDeniedDecisions默认为true//通过的票数和反对的票数相等,则可根据配置allowIfEqualGrantedDeniedDecisions进行判断是否通过if (this.allowIfEqualGrantedDeniedDecisions) {return;}else {throw new AccessDeniedException(messages.getMessage("AbstractAccessDecisionManager.accessDenied", "Access is denied"));}}// To get this far, every AccessDecisionVoter abstainedcheckAllowIfAllAbstainDecisions();}由此可见,ConsensusBased的策略:
  • 通过的票数大于反对的票数则判为通过。
  • 通过的票数小于反对的票数则判为不通过。
  • 通过的票数和反对的票数相等,则可根据配置allowIfEqualGrantedDeniedDecisions(默认为true)进行判断是否通过。
到此,应该明白AffirmativeBased、UnanimousBased、ConsensusBased三者的区别了吧,spring security默认使用的是AffirmativeBased, 如果有需要,可配置为其它两个,也可自己去实现。##投票者
以上AccessDecisionManager的实现类都只是对权限(投票)进行管理(策略的实现),具体投票(vote)的逻辑是通过调用AccessDecisionVoter的子类(投票者)的vote方法实现的。spring security默认注册了RoleVoter和AuthenticatedVoter两个投票者。下面来看看其源码。

AccessDecisionManager

boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute);boolean supports(Class<?> clazz);//核心方法,此方法由上面介绍的的AccessDecisionManager调用,子类实现此方法进行投票。int vote(Authentication authentication, S object,Collection<ConfigAttribute> attributes);

RoleVoter

private String rolePrefix = "ROLE_";//只处理ROLE_开头的(可通过配置rolePrefix的值进行改变)public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {if ((attribute.getAttribute() != null)&& attribute.getAttribute().startsWith(getRolePrefix())) {return true;}else {return false;}}public int vote(Authentication authentication, Object object,Collection<ConfigAttribute> attributes) {if(authentication == null) {//用户没通过认证,则投反对票return ACCESS_DENIED;}int result = ACCESS_ABSTAIN;//获取用户实际的权限Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = extractAuthorities(authentication);for (ConfigAttribute attribute : attributes) {if (this.supports(attribute)) {result = ACCESS_DENIED;// Attempt to find a matching granted authorityfor (GrantedAuthority authority : authorities) {if (attribute.getAttribute().equals(authority.getAuthority())) {//权限匹配则投通过票return ACCESS_GRANTED;}}}}//如果处理过,但没投通过票,则为反对票,如果没处理过,那么视为弃权(ACCESS_ABSTAIN)。return result;}很简单吧,同时,我们还可以通过实现AccessDecisionManager来扩展自己的voter。但是,要实现这个,我们还必须得弄清楚一个东西,那就是Collection attributes这个参数是从哪儿来的,这个是个很关键的参数啊。通过一张官方图能很清晰的看出这个问题来:接下来,就看看AccessDecisionManager的调用者AbstractSecurityInterceptor。

AbstractSecurityInterceptor

...//上面说过默认是AffirmativeBased,可配置private AccessDecisionManager accessDecisionManager;...protected InterceptorStatusToken beforeInvocation(Object object) {...//抽象方法,子类实现,但由此也可看出ConfigAttribute是由SecurityMetadataSource(实际上,默认是DefaultFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource)获取。Collection<ConfigAttribute> attributes = this.obtainSecurityMetadataSource().getAttributes(object);...//获取当前认证过的用户信息Authentication authenticated = authenticateIfRequired();try {//调用AccessDecisionManagerthis.accessDecisionManager.decide(authenticated, object, attributes);}catch (AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) {publishEvent(new AuthorizationFailureEvent(object, attributes, authenticated,accessDeniedException));throw accessDeniedException;}...}public abstract SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource();以上方法都是由AbstractSecurityInterceptor的子类(默认是FilterSecurityInterceptor)调用,那就再看看吧:

FilterSecurityInterceptor

...//SecurityMetadataSource的实现类,由此可??,可通过外部配置。这也说明我们可以通过自定义SecurityMetadataSource的实现类来扩展出自己实际需要的ConfigAttributeprivate FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;...//入口public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);//关键方法invoke(fi);}public void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException, ServletException {if ((fi.getRequest() != null)&& (fi.getRequest().getAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED) != null)&& observeOncePerRequest) {// filter already applied to this request and user wants us to observe// once-per-request handling, so don"t re-do security checkingfi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());}else {// first time this request being called, so perform security checkingif (fi.getRequest() != null) {fi.getRequest().setAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED, Boolean.TRUE);}//在这儿调用了父类(AbstractSecurityInterceptor)的方法, 也就调用了accessDecisionManagerInterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);try {fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());}finally {super.finallyInvocation(token);}//完了再执行(父类的方法),一前一后,AOP无处不在啊super.afterInvocation(token, null);}}好啦,到此应该对于Spring Security的权限管理比较清楚了。看完这个,不知你是否能扩展出一套适合自己需求的权限需求来呢,如果还不太清楚,那也没关系,下篇就实战一下 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-12/138096.htm,根据它来开发一套自己的权限体系。更多Spring Security相关教程见以下内容:Spring Security 学习笔记  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-10/135820.htmSpring Security3.1高级详细开发指南 PDF http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-05/131482.htmSpring Security 学习之数据库认证 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97407.htmSpring Security 学习之LDAP认证 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97406.htmSpring Security 学习之OpenID认证 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97405.htmSpring Security 学习之X.509认证 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97404.htmSpring Security 学习之HTTP基本认证和HTTP摘要认证 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97403.htmSpring Security 学习之HTTP表单验证 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97402.htmSpring Security异常之You must provide a configuration attribute  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/113364.htmSpring Security 的详细介绍:请点这里
Spring Security 的下载地址:请点这里 本文永久更新链接地址:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-12/138095.htm