MySQL 5.5 编译详解

说明：蓝色=命令名称浅绿=命令参数浅蓝=选项紫色=目录系统环境：CentOS 5.7 x86_64一、安装简介用户名：mysql
安装目录：/usr/local/mysql-5.5.20
数据库目录：/data/mysql/data
源码包：mysql-5.5.21.tar.gz自动部署脚本可在 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-06/63670.htm 下载二、安装准备添加用户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql建立所需目录
mkdir -p /data/mysql/data
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql安装编译所需文件或程序
yum install gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses-devel bison下载源码包
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.21.tar.gz/from/http://mirror.services.wisc.edu/mysql/ -P /usr/local/src三、编译安装cd /usr/local/src
tar xvf mysql-5.5.21.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.21CFLAGS="-O3" CXX=gcc
CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti"
cmake -DMYSQL_USER=mysql
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.21
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1
-DWITH_DEBUG=0
注：详细参数见下文补充内容。make -j 2 && make install
注：-j 用来指定CPU核心数，可加快编译速度，不加也可以。chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.5.21/mv /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.21/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
注:在/usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.21/support-files/文件夹中有多个my-****.cnf 配置文件，具体用那一个配置文件根据自己实际情况。可以通过查看配置文件的头部信息来了解配置问价适合的配置。例如
[root@localhost support-files]# head /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.21/support-files/my-huge.cnf
# Example MySQL config file for very large systems.
#
# This is for a large system with memory of 1G-2G where the system runs mainly
# MySQL.mv /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.21/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on/usr/local/mysql-5.5.21/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.21/
--datadir=/data/mysql/data/ echo "export PATH=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.21/bin:$PATH" >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile

补充：
从mysql5.5起，mysql源码安装开始使用cmake。下面是 mysql 5.5 与以前的参数对照：

configure Command	CMake Command
./configure	cmake .
./configure --help	cmake . -LH or ccmake .

Parameter	configure Option	CMake Option	CMake Notes
Installation base directory	--prefix=/usr	-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr
mysqld directory	--libexecdir=/usr/sbin	-DINSTALL_SBINDIR=sbin	interpreted relative to prefix
Data directory	--localstatedir=/var/lib/mysql	-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/lib/mysql
Config directory （for my.cnf）	--sysconfdir=/etc/mysql	-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/mysql
Plugin directory	--with-plugindir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin	-DINSTALL_PLUGINDIR=lib64/mysql/plugin	interpreted relative to prefix
Man page directory	--mandir=/usr/share/man	-DINSTALL_MANDIR=share/man	interpreted relative to prefix
Shared-data directory	--sharedstatedir=/usr/share/mysql	-DINSTALL_SHAREDIR=share	this is where aclocal/mysql.m4 should be installed
Library installation directory	--libdir=/usr/lib64/mysql	-DINSTALL_LIBDIR=lib64/mysql	interpreted relative to prefix
Header installation directory	--includedir=/usr/include/mysql	-DINSTALL_INCLUDEDIR=include/mysql	interpreted relative to prefix
Info doc directory	--infodir=/usr/share/info	-DINSTALL_INFODIR=share/info	interpreted relative to prefix

Parameter	configure Option	CMake Option	CMake Notes
readline library	--with-readline	-DWITH_READLINE=1
SSL library	--with-ssl=/usr	-DWITH_SSL=system
zlib library	--with-zlib-dir=/usr	-DWITH_ZLIB=system
libwrap library	--without-libwrap	-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0

Parameter	configure Option	CMake Option	CMake Notes
TCP/IP port number	--with-tcp-port-=3306	-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
UNIX socket file	--with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysqld.sock	-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock
Enable LOCAL for LOAD DATA	--enable-local-infile	-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
Extra charsets	--with-extra-charsets=all	-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all	default is "all"
Default charset	--with-charset=utf8	-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
Default collation	--with-collation=utf8_general_ci	-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
Build the server	--with-server	none
Build the embedded server	--with-embedded-server	-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1
libmysqld privilege control	--with-embedded-privilege-control	none	always enabled？
Install the documentation	--without-docs	none
Big tables	--with-big-tables, --without-big-tables	none	tables are big by default
mysqld user	--with-mysqld-user=mysql	-DMYSQL_USER=mysql	mysql is the default
Debugging	--without-debug	-DWITH_DEBUG=0	default is debugging disabled
GIS support	--with-geometry	none	always enabled？
Community features	--enable-community-features	none	always enabled
Profiling	--disable-profiling	-DENABLE_PROFILING=0	enabled by default
pstack	--without-pstack	none	pstack is removed
Assembler string functions	--enable-assembler	none
Build type	--build=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu	no equivalent	unneeded？
Cross-compile host	--host=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu	no equivalent	unneeded？
Client flag	--with-client-ldflags=-lstdc++	none	unneeded
Client flag	--enable-thread-safe-client	none	unneeded, clients are always thread safe
Comment	--with-comment="string"	-DWITH_COMMENT="string"
Shared/static binaries	--enable-shared --enable-static	none	there is only DISABLE_SHARED
Memory use	--with-low-memory	none	unneeded

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