Shell 脚本中执行MySQL语句

对于自动化运维，诸如备份恢复之类的，DBA经常需要将SQL语句封装到shell脚本。本文描述了在Linux环境下MySQL数据库中，shell脚本下调用sql语句的几种方法，供大家参考。对于脚本输出的结果美化，需要进一步完善和调整。以下为具体的示例及其方法。1、将SQL语句直接嵌入到shell脚本文件中--演示环境
[root@SZDB ~]# more /etc/issue
CentOS release 5.9 （Final）
Kernel on an m
root@localhost[（none）]> show variables like "version";
+---------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+------------+
| version | 5.6.12-log |
+---------------+------------+
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql1.sh
#！/bin/bash
# Define log
TIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
LOG=call_sql_${TIMESTAMP}.log
echo "Start execute sql statement at `date`." >>${LOG}
# execute sql stat
mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp（id smallint,val varchar（20））;
insert into tb_tmp values （1,"jack"）,（2,"robin"）,（3,"mark"）;
select * from tb_tmp;
notee
quit"
echo -e " ">>${LOG}
echo "below is output result.">>${LOG}
cat /tmp/temp.log>>${LOG}
echo "script executed successful.">>${LOG}
exit;
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql1.sh
Logging to file "/tmp/temp.log"
+------+-------+
| id | val |
+------+-------+
| 1 | jack |
| 2 | robin |
| 3 | mark |
+------+-------+
Outfile disabled.
--Author : Leshami
--Blog : http://www.linuxidc.com2、命令行调用单独的SQL文件
[root@SZDB ~]# more temp.sql
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp（id smallint,val varchar（20））;
insert into tb_tmp values （1,"jack"）,（2,"robin"）,（3,"mark"）;
select * from tb_tmp;
notee
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /root/temp.sql"
Logging to file "/tmp/temp.log"
+------+-------+
| id | val |
+------+-------+
| 1 | jack |
| 2 | robin |
| 3 | mark |
+------+-------+
Outfile disabled.3、使用管道符调用SQL文件
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql
Logging to file "/tmp/temp.log"
id val
1 jack
2 robin
3 mark
Outfile disabled.
#使用管道符调用SQL文件以及输出日志
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql >/tmp/temp.log
[root@SZDB ~]# more /tmp/temp.log
Logging to file "/tmp/temp.log"
id val
1 jack
2 robin
3 mark
Outfile disabled.4、shell脚本中MySQL提示符下调用SQL[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql2.sh
#！/bin/bash
mysql -uroot -p123456 <<EOF
source /root/temp.sql;
select current_date（）;
delete from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=3;
select * from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=2;
EOF
exit;
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql2.sh
Logging to file "/tmp/temp.log"
id val
1 jack
2 robin
3 mark
Outfile disabled.
current_date（）
2014-10-14
id val
2 robin5、shell脚本中变量输入与输出
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql3.sh
#！/bin/bash
cmd="select count（*） from tempdb.tb_tmp"
cnt=$（mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}"）
echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"
exit
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql3.sh
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Current count is : 3
[root@SZDB ~]# echo "select count（*） from tempdb.tb_tmp"|mysql -uroot -p123456 -s
3
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql4.sh
#！/bin/bash
id=1
cmd="select count（*） from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=${id}"
cnt=$（mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}"）
echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"
exit
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql4.sh
Current count is : 1
#以上脚本演示中，作抛砖引玉只用，对于输出的结果不是很规整友好，需要进一步改善和提高。--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------Ubuntu 14.04下安装MySQL http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-05/102366.htm《MySQL权威指南（原书第2版）》清晰中文扫描版 PDF http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-03/98821.htmUbuntu 14.04 LTS 安装 LNMP NginxPHP5 （PHP-FPM）MySQL http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-05/102351.htmUbuntu 14.04下搭建MySQL主从服务器 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-05/101599.htmUbuntu 12.04 LTS 构建高可用分布式 MySQL 集群 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-11/93019.htmUbuntu 12.04下源代码安装MySQL5.6以及Python-MySQLdb http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/89270.htmMySQL-5.5.38通用二进制安装 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-07/104509.htm--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------本文永久更新链接地址