startup mount exclusive restrict;alter system enable restricted session;drop database; 2.使用Rman备份生产数据库CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 5 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
sql "alter system archive log current";BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DATABASE ; 3.在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录下,新建一个文件（init$SID.ora） 文件内仅仅有一行SID的配置 db_name=mvbox 4.恢复spfile先从Rman备份中,恢复spfile[oracle@localhost/data/IP/2015_09_25]$rman target /Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Sep 25 17:26:40 2015Copyright （c） 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.connected to target database （not started）RMAN> startup nomount;Oracle instance startedTotal System Global Area 171966464 bytesFixed Size 2082496 bytes Variable Size 113248576 bytes Database Buffers 50331648 bytes Redo Buffers 6303744 bytesRMAN> restore spfile to "/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfilemvbox.ora" from "/data/IP/2015_09_25/o1_mf_nnsnf_TAG20150925T134231_c09s9rq2_.bkp";Starting restore at 25-SEP-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: /data/IP/2015_09_25/o1_mf_nnsnf_TAG20150925T134231_c09s9rq2_.bkp channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup complete Finished restore at 25-SEP-15 将spfile转换为pfile,然后修改相关的目录create pfile="/tmp/pfile.ora" from spfile; vim /tmp/pfile.ora 主要是修改相关路径然后使用pfile启动数据库至nomount状态,由修改过的pfile再生成spfile5.恢复控制文件RMAN> restore controlfile from "/data/IP/2015_09_25/o1_mf_ncnnf_TAG20150925T134231_c09s9pms_.bkp";Starting restore at 25-SEP-15 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=1640 devtype=DISKchannel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02 output filename=/data/oracledata/flash_recovery_area/control01.ctl Finished restore at 25-SEP-15RMAN> shutdownOracle instance shut downRMAN> startup mount;connected to target database （not started） Oracle instance started database mountedTotal System Global Area 53687091200 bytesFixed Size 2184048 bytes Variable Size 4546628752 bytes Database Buffers 49123688448 bytes Redo Buffers 14589952 bytesRMAN>6.还原数据文件,并恢复 将生产数据库的归档日志也拷贝到指定的目录RMAN> catalog start with "/data/IP"; 生产数据库的文件都放在/dbdata/oracledata/mvbox/挂载点 而还原库的数据文件在/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/挂载点 在生产数据库运行查询 select "set newname for datafile " || file_id || " to """ || replace（file_name,"/dbdata/oracledata/mvbox","/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox"）||""";" from dba_data_files; 然后根据这个查询的结果,拼出还原库执行的命令 先还原数据文件run{ CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 5 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; set newname for datafile 4 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 3 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/sysaux01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 1 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/system01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 5 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/system02.dbf"; set newname for datafile 6 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/sysaux02.dbf"; set newname for datafile 7 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users02.dbf"; set newname for datafile 8 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users03.dbf"; set newname for datafile 9 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users04.dbf"; set newname for datafile 10 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users05.dbf"; set newname for datafile 12 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users06.dbf"; set newname for datafile 13 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/system03.dbf"; set newname for datafile 14 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/sysaux03.dbf"; set newname for datafile 27 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users19.dbf"; set newname for datafile 15 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users07.dbf"; set newname for datafile 16 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users08.dbf"; set newname for datafile 17 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users09.dbf"; set newname for datafile 18 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users10.dbf"; set newname for datafile 19 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users11.dbf"; set newname for datafile 20 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users12.dbf"; set newname for datafile 21 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users13.dbf"; set newname for datafile 22 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users14.dbf"; set newname for datafile 23 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users15.dbf"; set newname for datafile 24 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users16.dbf"; set newname for datafile 25 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users17.dbf"; set newname for datafile 26 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users18.dbf"; set newname for datafile 28 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users20.dbf"; set newname for datafile 33 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users21.dbf"; set newname for datafile 34 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/users22.dbf"; set newname for datafile 35 to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/undotbs.dbf"; restore database; switch datafile all; }找到生产数据库传输过来的归档日志文件,找到最后一个文件恢复到最后一个归档日志文件序列. run{ CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 5 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; set until sequence 7939; recover database; }
然后open数据库 生产库有block change tracking 还原库可以关闭 另外,查看恢复的时间点 alter database disable block change tracking; alter database open read only;select to_char（scn_to_timestamp（CURRENT_SCN）,"yyyy-mm-dd HH24:mi:ss"） ts from v$database;这时候,还原库已经搭建完成.生产库有一个程序,每隔30分钟,会将归档日志传送过来. 还原库这边,只需要定期恢复即可（恢复到6小时之前）0 */3 * * * /root/testoracle.sh#！/bin/bash source ~/.bashrc rman target / <<EOF shutdown startup mount catalog start with "/data/IP" noprompt; recover database until time "sysdate - interval "6" hour"; sql "alter database open read only"; EOF7.把还原库拉起到读写模式. 如果到了第七步,就有麻烦了. 这意味着,生产数据库挂了,DataGuard的备机也挂了. 只能把还原库拉起来暂时作为生产库使用. 尝试将停留在下午4点的还原库,恢复至下午6点,并拉起为读写模式。恢复之前执行RMAN命令rman: shutdown; startup mount; catalog start with "/data/IP" noprompt; recover database until time "to_date（"20150925 18:00:00","yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss"）"; RMAN执行 RMAN> shutdown;using target database control file instead of recovery catalog database closed database dismounted Oracle instance shut downRMAN> startup mount;connected to target database （not started） Oracle instance started database mountedTotal System Global Area 53687091200 bytesFixed Size 2184048 bytes Variable Size 4546628752 bytes Database Buffers 49123688448 bytes Redo Buffers 14589952 bytesRMAN> catalog start with "/data/IP" noprompt;searching for all files that match the pattern /data/IPList of Files Unknown to the Database ===================================== File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7945_c0bh8dgv_.arc File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7942_c0bc4hv5_.arc File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7944_c0bfx7l2_.arc File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7940_c0b7ntyf_.arc File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7941_c0b9kdlw_.arc File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7943_c0bdkzyp_.arc cataloging files... cataloging doneList of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7945_c0bh8dgv_.arc File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7942_c0bc4hv5_.arc File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7944_c0bfx7l2_.arc File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7940_c0b7ntyf_.arc File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7941_c0b9kdlw_.arc File Name: /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7943_c0bdkzyp_.arcRMAN> recover database until time "to_date（"20150925 18:00:00","yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss"）";Starting recover at 25-SEP-15 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=1641 devtype=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2 channel ORA_DISK_2: sid=1639 devtype=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3 channel ORA_DISK_3: sid=1638 devtype=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_4 channel ORA_DISK_4: sid=1637 devtype=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_5 channel ORA_DISK_5: sid=1636 devtype=DISKstarting media recoveryarchive log thread 1 sequence 7939 is already on disk as file /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7939_c0b5fr87_.arc archive log thread 1 sequence 7940 is already on disk as file /data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7940_c0b7ntyf_.arc archive log filename=/data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7939_c0b5fr87_.arc thread=1 sequence=7939 archive log filename=/data/IP/archivelog/2015_09_25/o1_mf_1_7940_c0b7ntyf_.arc thread=1 sequence=7940 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:04:07 Finished recover at 25-SEP-15 进入sqlplus,修改联机重做日志的位置.因为这个位置还是生产库的,还原库上不一定有这个路径. SQL> select "alter database rename file """ ||member|| """ to ""/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo" || rownum ||".log"";" sql from v$logfile;SQL alter database rename file "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo04.log1" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo1.log"; alter database rename file "/data/dblog/redo04.log2" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo2.log"; alter database rename file "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo05.log3" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo3.log"; alter database rename file "/data/dblog/redo05.log4" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo4.log"; alter database rename file "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo06.log5" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo5.log"; alter database rename file "/data/dblog/redo06.log6" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo6.log"; alter database rename file "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo07.log7" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo7.log"; alter database rename file "/data/dblog/redo07.log8" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo8.log"; alter database rename file "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo08.log9" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo9.log"; alter database rename file "/data/dblog/redo08.log10" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo10.log";10 rows selected.alter database rename file "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo04.log1" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo1.log";Database altered.alter database rename file "/data/dblog/redo04.log2" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo2.log";Database altered.alter database rename file "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo05.log3" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo3.log";Database altered.alter database rename file "/data/dblog/redo05.log4" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo4.log";Database altered.alter database rename file "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo06.log5" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo5.log";Database altered.alter database rename file "/data/dblog/redo06.log6" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo6.log";Database altered.alter database rename file "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo07.log7" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo7.log";Database altered.alter database rename file "/data/dblog/redo07.log8" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo8.log";Database altered.alter database rename file "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo08.log9" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo9.log";Database altered.SQL> alter database rename file "/data/dblog/redo08.log10" to "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/redo10.log";Database altered.SQL> alter database open resetlogs;Database altered.SQL> 现在数据库虽然已经拉起来了,但是注意还有临时表空间。 给默认临时表空间增加一个数据文件. 然后删除其他数据文件,重新添加 （备份不包括临时表空间,所以拉起之后,临时表空间需要另外处理一下）ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE "/data/oracledata/oradata/mvbox/temp03.dbf" SIZE 4G AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 128M MAXSIZE 30G;ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP DROP TEMPFILE "/dbdata/oracledata/mvbox/temp01.dbf"; ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP DROP TEMPFILE "/dbdata/oracledata/mvbox/temp02.dbf";还原库搭建完成.凡事豫则立,不豫则废 我一定要牢记一点, 不要相信自己的技术, 尽量完善各种预案,一旦遇到技术难题,不能解决. 最后一定要切的过来,不丢数据. 永远不因为数据丢失的问题道歉.更多Oracle相关信息见Oracle 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx？tid=12本文永久更新链接地址
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