Oracle 利用RMAN 完成数据迁移

整体流程：对A机的数据库来一个热备，并且是一个全备，然后通过scp命令把备份传到B机，然后把A库停掉（注意关库不会触发归档），之后再把归档日志和redo日志传给B机，最后再在B库上 restore 和recover数据文件，控制文件，参数文件的恢复过程：根据数据库的启动流程，可以知道最先读取数据文件，所以应该先还原参数文件，然后会读控制文件，所以你要再修复控制文件，最后再修复数据文件，具体操作流程：一：对A库做一个热全备，RMAN> backup as backupset database include current controlfile plus archivelog format "/u01/app/Oracle/arch_%U.rmn" delete all input;省列。。。。Finished backup at 14-AUG-14二：把所做的备份用scp传给B机。如红色命令会把A机的ENMOEDU接到B机的Oracle/下，，即Oracle/ENMOEDU[oracle@ENMOEDU ENMOEDU]$ scp -r /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU oracle@192.168.80.11:/u01/app/oracle/
The authenticity of host "192.168.80.11 （192.168.80.11）" can"t be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 54:78:71:4c:93:51:01:f4:e3:83:b5:35:8f:9f:d5:b1.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting （yes/no）？ y
Please type "yes" or "no": yes
Warning: Permanently added "192.168.80.11" （RSA） to the list of known hosts.
oracle@192.168.80.11"s password:
o1_mf_nnndf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9o7k_.bkp 100% 148MB 36.9MB/s 00:04
o1_mf_ncnnf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9ws3_.bkp 100% 9568KB 9.3MB/s 00:01
o1_mf_nnndf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9n9o_.bkp 100% 97MB 24.2MB/s 00:04
o1_mf_nnsnf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9nml_.bkp 100% 96KB 96.0KB/s 00:00
o1_mf_nnndf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9o26_.bkp 100% 140MB 28.0MB/s 00:05
o1_mf_nnndf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9v71_.bkp 100% 145MB 29.0MB/s 00:05
o1_mf_nnndf_SECTION_DF1_9srhb0dh_.bkp 100% 81MB 27.0MB/s 00:03
o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140814T203309_9ysc8x14_.bkp 100% 9600KB 4.7MB/s 00:02
o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140814T203309_9ysc46go_.bkp 100% 1140MB 24.3MB/s 00:47
control02.ctl 100% 9520KB 9.3MB/s 00:01
三：把A库数据库关闭，把归档和redo传给B机，（因为你备份的时候没有关闭数据库，难免会再产生新的归档和redo，为保证一致性，还有必要进行这步）1.SYS@ENMOEDU> select * from v$log; #显示第三组正在被使用，所以只传它就行（因为别的已经被归档，）

GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---
STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 100 52428800 512 1 YES
INACTIVE 1365811 14-AUG-14 1365876 14-AUG-14

2 1 101 52428800 512 1 YES
INACTIVE 1365876 14-AUG-14 1365981 14-AUG-14

3 1 102 52428800 512 1 NO
CURRENT 1365981 14-AUG-14 2.8147E+14

2.SYS@ENMOEDU> select * from v$logfile; #查看日志的具体位置

GROUP# STATUS TYPE
---------- ------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_
---
1 ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/redo01.log
NO

2 ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/redo02.log
NO

GROUP# STATUS TYPE
---------- ------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_
---

3 ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/redo03.log
NO[oracle@ENMOEDU ENMOEDU]$ scp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/redo03.log oracle@192.168.80.11:/u01/app/oracle
oracle@192.168.80.11"s password:
redo03.log 100% 50MB 50.0MB/s 00:01 至于归档嘛我在测试的时候没有切换日志，也不存在日志组写满的情况，所以没有产生归档，又因为我在备份的时候加上了delete all input 所以会把已经备份的归档删掉，所以你不会看到新的归档也就不用传了呵呵四:在B机操作1，开启伪实例，注意可不要把B机的数据库实例给打开了因为我的测试B机也有数据库。[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ set DBID=87396644 #设成A机的数据库编号RMAN> startup #启动伪实例 [oracle@ENMOEDU ENMOEDU]$ rman target / RMAN> restore spfile from "/u01/app/oracle/ENMOEDU/backupset/2014_08_14/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140814T203309_9ysc8x14_.bkp"; Starting restore at 15-AUG-14using target database control file instead of recovery catalogallocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/ENMOEDU/backupset/2014_08_14/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140814T203309_9ysc8x14_.bkpchannel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP completeFinished restore at 15-AUG-14[oracle@ENMOEDU dbs]$ ls #恢复的参数文件在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs 下
hc_ENMOEDU2.dat lkDUMMY orapwENMOEDU spfileENMOEDU2.oraRMAN> shutdown immediate #关伪实例 Oracle instance shut down2.然后再起真正的实例，恢复控制文件（要注意，他原来就有,你这样起，把B机的所有文件包括数据文件，控制文件，参数文件，日志文件都删掉）SQL> startupORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 422670336 bytesFixed Size 1345380 bytesVariable Size 260049052 bytesDatabase Buffers 155189248 bytesRedo Buffers 6086656 bytesORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more infoRMAN> restore controlfile from "/u01/app/oracle/ENMOEDU/backupset/2014_08_14/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140814T203309_9ysc8x14_.bkp"; Starting restore at 15-AUG-14using target database control file instead of recovery catalogallocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control filechannel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/control01.ctloutput file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/control02.ctlFinished restore at 15-AUG-143.把数据库开到mount状态，以便修复数据文件。RMAN> alter database mount; database mountedreleased channel: ORA_DISK_1RMAN> restore database; #恢复数据文件发现报错，很可能是备份已经过期已经， Starting restore at 15-AUG-14using target database control file instead of recovery catalogallocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISK creating datafile file number=1 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/system01.dbfRMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/15/2014 23:21:00ORA-01180: can not create datafile 1ORA-01110: data file 1: "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/system01.dbf"RMAN> list backup； #查看备份信息发现确实过期10 13.85M DISK 00:00:02 14-AUG-14 BP Key: 14 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20140814T203306 Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/arch_50pfv1g2_1_1.rmn然后再去A机再来一个整体备份再传给B机不在赘述，再恢复控制文件，然后再恢复数据文件，再启动到open即可。更多Oracle相关信息见Oracle 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx？tid=12 本文永久更新链接地址